Rick McGrath | School District of Beloit News

Rotary Club of Beloit
Student of the Week
February 2017

A School-Family Collaboration

As always at this time of year, with graduation in the air, parents begin retracing their child’s steps toward this occasion. Julie Larson, whose daughter Alexa will receive her Beloit Memorial High School (BMHS) diploma this June, is no different.

Often, though, parents focus on the most recent experience. When asked about Alexa’s path, Julie quickly says, “In order to do this right, I would have to start at the beginning of Alexa’s educational journey, and to do this, I need to start with praising her first school which was Morgan Elementary… Alexa thrived at Morgan. She was surrounded by absolutely wonderful teachers and staff who worked very closely with our family.

“Alexa has always been an avid learner, a natural leader and a valuable mentor. These are skills that are deeply rooted in her as a result of her time at Morgan. I can’t stress enough how grateful we are to have had the privilege of her superb elementary education. Alexa still keeps in contact with some of her teachers from Morgan, and her core group of friends at Beloit Memorial High School are the students who were in her classes at Morgan.”

Continuing Julie says, “Her high school years have also provided her with amazing teachers whom she respects and admires. Alexa has taken several (Advanced Placement) AP courses throughout high school, which have helped to prepare her for college in the fall.

Leveraging Extra Curricular Opportunities

“Beloit Memorial has given Alexa a strong foundation for her future through not only her studies, but also her involvement in several organizations. She has been NHS (National Honor Society) President, Feature Page Editor for The Increscent (newspaper), VP of Public Relations for Student Senate and Link Crew leader mentoring freshman… and all of this while maintaining her 4.0 GPA.”

With much appreciation in her voice, Julia concludes, “I believe the Beloit School System has helped facilitate Alexa’s passion for learning. My daughter has excelled during her years in the School District of Beloit, and I know that she is equipped with the tools, relationships, and experiences necessary to succeed in the years ahead.”

In other words, Alexa is well on her way to good things beyond BMHS and the district.

The post Alexa Larson (17′) | Our Students Our Stories appeared first on School District of Beloit News.

Rotary Club of Beloit
Student of the Week
March 14, 2017

Early School Experiences

As Jordan prepares to graduate with the Beloit Memorial Class of 2017, Melody is reflecting on a combined effort, including much hard work on the part of her daughter who is planning to pursue a career in the field that has given her much – education.

“The School District of Beloit has been an important factor in Jordan’s education,” Melody emphasizes. “Having an on-going communication line between school and home was an important tool. Together we were able to guide Jordan to set her goals high and together we were able for her to reach these goals.”

“Jordan began her education with the School District of Beloit in the Pre-Kindergarten program at Burdge Elementary School,” continues Melody, who added, “It was while in the Pre-K program that she received recognition for her behavior and leadership in receiving the Martin Luther King Award.

“Jordan attended Burdge School through the fifth grade. She was a proud member of Miss Ulvin’s Travel Troupe and enjoyed performing at various functions. In Mrs. Richin’s second grade, she participated in Destination Imagination and explored many possibilities. She found her love of math and history,” explains Melody, adding, “many thanks to her teachers at Burdge School.

“Attending middle school at McNeel helped Jordan grow in many areas. She was able to expand her love of math with Mrs. Henke in algebra and geometry. This enabled her to take more extensive math classes at Memorial High School. Mr. Jacobson’s history class increased her love for history. While attending McNeel, the school organized its Junior National Honor Society and Jordan was a charter member.

Extracurricular & AP

“The foundation laid by her elementary and middle school experiences enabled Jordan to approach high school with confidence and excitement. It was fortunate for Jordan to become involved with choir and Mr. Truby’s electrifying personality. The classroom time, performances and social activities with the music department were one of a kind!”

At Beloit Memorial,” Melody says, “The AP classes available to students …are such an asset. Jordan was able to receive college credits in both history and mathematics. Her AP teachers, Mrs. McQueen, Mrs. Prowse and Mr. Studemann, challenged her and encouraged her to do her very best. Their guidance and friendship have set the goals for Jordan’s desire to become an educator.”

Additionally,” Melody says, “Jordan participated in the Hospitality Service III and Community Program with Mr. Capozziello. ‘Mr. C’ helped her explore aspects of every-day living ranging from joining the workforce to purchasing a vehicle to filing income tax.”

Keeping Informed

Noting that Jordan has been awarded the Collins-Clark Scholarship through the Stateline Community Foundation and will attend the University of Wisconsin-Madison to major in education, Melody reflects, “I always knew what was happening at school and how it was affecting Jordan. Phone calls from and to school kept me well informed. The District’s website was also available with a wealth of information. Parent — teacher conferences were another means of communication where her teacher, Jordan and I could go over her performance and make plans for her future. The guidance — counselor department at Beloit Memorial High School is second to none.

“As a parent, I feel one of the most valuable gifts I can give to my daughter is listening to her. Together we can accomplish great things!”

The post Jordan Mickey (17′) | Our Students Our Stories appeared first on School District of Beloit News.

Summer Food Program at the School District of Beloit

With summer right around the corner, it’s time to think about keeping children healthy while school is out. The School District of Beloit has partnered with the U.S. Department of Agriculture to provide free meals to children during the summer. There are no income requirements and any child 18 and under may come to eat.

“The summer food service program is a federally-funded meal reimbursement program administered by the Department of Public Instruction. We have multiple sites in Beloit that serve free, nutritious meals to children age 18 and under with no income requirements or paperwork needed. Just stop by any of the sites during the dates and times listed to eat,” says Jenny Miller of the School District of Beloit.

There will be booths featuring our community partners, activities for the family, entertainment, raffle give-a-ways and FREE lunch. There will be booths featuring our community partners, activities for the family, entertainment, raffle give-a-ways and FREE lunch.

This summer, meals will be served at nearly twenty locations throughout the community. Schedules may vary at different locations. For a complete list, visit summerfoodbeloit.org.

Each year, the U.S. Department of Agriculture partners with local organizations school districts across the country, to provide free meals to children when school is out for the summer.

Locations and Times

Thank you to our community sponsors!

The post Summer Food Program 2017 appeared first on School District of Beloit News.

Rotary Club of Beloit
Student of the Week
March 21, 2017

People Make The Difference

A mathematics teacher at BMHS, Deb says she knows from her perspective what a great education constitutes – expertise and dedication on the part of instructors and administrators who care deeply about their students. And that is precisely what she believes Jackson found here.

“It’s the people who make the difference,” Deb continues, “and it has always been clear to us that educators keep students in their hearts. And Beloit educators take that up a notch.

“Having spent his school life in Beloit,” she explains, “We think Jackson’s successes speak to the quality of the staff he experienced throughout his years, from his elementary teachers who recognized his abilities and nurtured his interests, through Beloit Memorial High School, where the wide variety of courses and opportunity to pursue AP college credits helped him stay motivated and achieve scholarly goals.

More Than Ready for Continued Education

“He has especially enjoyed AP Government and Politics with Mr. Hoey, Accounting and Advanced Accounting with Mrs. Richardson, and Strength and Conditioning with Mr. Gillette. In addition to earning college credit through several AP courses, Jackson has also earned college credit through his Introduction to Public Speaking course that is offered in conjunction with UW-Rock County.

Pointing out that BMHS teachers continually inspire students to pursue new directions, Deb adds, “It was this year that Jackson discovered his talent and interest in business and accounting with the help of Mrs. Richardson.”

“Because of the strong academic foundation Jackson has experienced at BMHS, we know that he is more than ready to continue his education at UW-LaCrosse next fall.

Sydney, Deb, Jackson and Jeff Prowse

Encourage Your Child To…

On additional reflection, Deb says, “We believe BMHS has provided Jackson a big stage that reflects the world he and other students are entering in 2017. BMHS is the kind of facility that provides students a wide range of opportunities and experiences. Jackson has been a member of the National Honor Society, the Men’s Volleyball team and the Men’s Varsity Swim team. He has taken full advantage of the Varsity swim program. The coaches in this program, Mr. Vogel, Mrs. Waite, Mr. Michels and Mr. DeKok emphasize the importance of excellence in the classroom as well as the pool. In fact, both the men’s and women’s teams have earned national recognition for the academic success of its athletes.

Further, Deb says, “Jackson earned his lifeguard certification in Coach Vogel’s Lifeguarding course, which has led to employment and volunteer work. The new BMHS pool helped open doors for him and his teammates to achieve many successes at the local and state level in the past four years and has helped prepare Jackson to pursue college athletics.”

As the family looks toward Jackson’s graduation and all that is ahead, Deb says, “We have a daughter who will be starting at the high school next fall.” Then, she emphasizes, “For other parents of students just entering high school, encourage your child to take a variety of courses and challenge them to do their best in each. Encourage your child to seek help when they struggle in a class. The teachers and staff are there and willing to help. Ask your child to find a group, club or sport to join and support their efforts in those activities. BMHS has much to offer, but you must be willing to grab on, take hold and be an active participant in the adventure.”

The post Jackson Prowse (17′) | Our Students Our Stories appeared first on School District of Beloit News.

Rotary Club of Beloit
Student of the Week
April 11, 2017

Responsibility and Citizenship

That preparation and related mentorship as well as her overall experience in the school district were so strong, in fact, that Haley plans to return to Beloit to teach here.

“Haley is very well prepared,” Irene said. “She wants to be a preschool teacher and already has 15 credits through the high school that will go with her. Haley is going to Blackhawk Tech for two years and then to Whitewater to finish her degree.”

Explaining that Haley attended Gaston Elementary and McNeel Middle Schools before Beloit Memorial, Irene said her daughter had excellent experiences and inspiration throughout her earlier days in the district. Both schools, she said, reinforced responsibility and citizenship as well as solid learning, and Haley was honored at both for these character accomplishments.

Guidance and Mentoring

“There were quite a few teachers who had a hand in guiding her,” continued Irene, adding, “Younger children always gravitated toward Haley and she has known she would want to teach younger children.”

It was with that goal in mind when she entered high school that Haley began taking early childhood development classes. Mrs. Bovick, from the Beloit Memorial Consumer and Family Education Department, was invaluable in guiding and mentoring Haley, Irene said, noting that through this focus her daughter gained internship experience as well as the credits toward her Blackhawk program.

Outside of academics, Irene added, Haley participated in choir at the high school and volunteered at Pioneer Court in Beloit. Irene said she works at the assisted living facility and Haley has helped with many events and helped many residents.

As The Mother Of Three BMHS Students…

With graduation at hand, Irene said, Haley is planning to pass the baton to her younger sister, Teagan who is currently a freshman at the high school and who is Irene’s third daughter to attend Beloit Memorial. Her oldest daughter, Caitlan, graduated in 2014, leading the way for Haley.

As the mother of three BMHS students, Irene said it is important to not only be involved in your child’s education, but also, when the time approaches, to encourage your children to explore scholarship opportunities through guidance counselors as well as in the community. Noting that Haley has received scholarships, she said parents need to know assistance is out there to help their children pursue their dreams.

The post Haley Coffey (17′) | Our Students Our Stories appeared first on School District of Beloit News.

Rotary Club of Beloit
Student of the Week
March 21, 2017

Choosing Larger School Advantages

When it was time for Genevieve to enter ninth grade, Alison said, the decision was made to have her attend BMHS. “Our children were at a very small private school, but we wanted the academics and other opportunities that would come with a larger school.

“Academically, we wanted Genevieve to have more classes to choose from and to be at a school where there was funding for all students to have ipads and other technology that would make them equally prepared to do well now and later. We felt it was important to be prepared with modern technology and for classes after high school.

“We also wanted her to have the full high school experience of activities, including football, homecoming and prom. We also wanted a big school so that you are not always in class with the same people and where you can find students with interests like yours.”

Advisors and Teachers

At Beloit, Alison continued, that included Genevieve joining the Fellowship of Christian Athletes (FCA). “By being able to join,” Alison said, “she was able to carry on her faith from her Christian school. …The club met before school and was advised by mathematics instructor Mark Schultz. Schultz, Alison said, became one of the her daughter’s three most influential teachers. “She did not have him for class, Alison,” explained, “but he was an excellent advisor.”

The other BMHS teachers who had an immensely positive impact on Genevieve, her mother said, were the science department’s Andre Dekon and Barb Greyson.

“Genevieve had Mr. Dekok for Anatomy and he mad her fall in love with science by making it fun,” Alison said, noting that her daughter has been admitted to the nursing program at Caroll College in Milwaukee. “He became a mentor and wrote all of her letters of recommendation.

“…Genevieve had Ms. Greyson for AP Chemistry. She wanted the class so she would be comfortable with chemistry in college for nursing and Ms. Greyson taught her to be comfortable with chemistry which will help a lot. She helped a lot.”

In addition to being president of the BMHS Student Senate and captain of FCA this last year, Genevieve was a Porter Scholar and Beloit College in the fall and participated in the Youth Options program to become a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA). Such options for seniors who have taken all required classes and more allows students to make excellent use of their time and earn college credit as well as certifications, Alison pointed out. “With her CNA, Alison will be working at a nursing home this summer,” she said.

Be Their Advocate!

If she and Craig have advice for other parents, Alison said, it would be to encourage your children to become involved and to be well informed about their academics. “Push them to be involved and keep on top of the classes and grades,” she said. “Be their advocate!”

Certainly this is what they are planning to continue for Genevieve’s younger sister, Grace, who will be a junior at BMHS next year and for their third daughter, Lanie, who is still in grade school but will be a Purple Knight as well.

The post Genevieve Nenniman (17′) | Our Students Our Stories appeared first on School District of Beloit News.

Journalism and Related Skills Development

“Cunningham Free Press will be within their Community Learning Center (CLC) or after school program, dedicated to the writing and editing process and offering all students involved opportunities to develop personal and professional skills related to journalism, time management, research etc.,” explains District CLC Coordinator David Wilson who lead the effort to involve publishing in print and online.

Wilson is partnering with Beloit Memorial’s Breja Fink who teaches English as well as Journalism and serves as advisor for The Increscent newspaper. They report that the effort will be modeled after the Simpson Street Free Press (SSFP), which has been going on in Madison for 23 or 24 years.

According to SSFP literature, “Students produce and publish content on various media platforms. They write and read extensively. They explore across the curriculum and investigate core subject areas (history, science, the arts). Then they write and publish. Lesson plans focus on practical skills, project-based learning, and literacy. Methods include invention strategies, close reading, drafting, and vocabulary. We preach clear, concise writing. We believe learning happens, in large measure, during the revision process. Multiple rounds of editing are required during each assignment. Assignments grow in complexity with age and ability. Academic confidence builds quickly. Students learn to never hand in a first draft.”

High School Students – Intermediate School Students

In Beloit, students from Fink’s Media Journalism class and The Increscent will serve as editors for Cunningham participants. They will work closely with intermediate students as they write an article for publication, Fink and Wilson said. The student editor’s job will be to know and understand the writing and editing process and work with students one on one in the areas of spelling, grammar and punctuation.

After a recent meeting where Fink and some of her students met with Wilson, she reported that he said, “ ‘The close reading prepares them for a focus on literacy, but also teaches them to be better researchers.’ Teen editors,” Fink continued, “will help the participants find reliable sources and go through the drafting process. Much of the research they do will be in books and print magazines rather than via Google search. He said on average one article will go through seven drafts before it’s ready for print, so there’s a huge emphasis on the power of revision.”

Treated as a Job

In Beloit, all students involved, both participants and teen editors will complete an application to be part of the program. Once hired, students will receive their own business cards and t-shirt. Intermediate students who have articles published will be compensated as well for their work and their involvement and time will be treated as if this were a job for them also, Wilson added.

Once school starts in the fall, Fink and Wilson report, Madison’s Simpson Street Free Press staff will come to train student participants and adult advisors. In addition to such support from Fink, Wilson has secured commitments from volunteers through Beloit College and the Beloit Daily News.

Students Working with Students

According to Fink, Wilson’s long range vision for Cunningham students is that they will go to the high school and become editors; then graduate and go to college and come back to Beloit to continue working with current students. “He said he really wants it to be the teen editors and participants who are driving the content and coverage — figuring out the sections and topics. What the students are writing about will also be connected to what they’re learning about in school.”

As Wilson said at the recent meeting, “The technical support may come from adults, but the content will come from students. Students working with students… it’s really something I believe in.”

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The Increscent’s Success

For the record, there were two or three newspapers started before The Increscent was born, in 1898 according to records. But The Increscent is certifiably the state’s oldest student newspaper in continuous print since it first appeared.

At various times in its life, the paper’s publication schedule has changed. In the 1960s and 70s, for example, The Increscent was a bi-weekly. Notably, during that time, it was named the state’s best paper in that category in 1966, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 and 73.

Since, there have been many state awards for excellence in many categories and for individual stories and photos, including with its current publication status as a monthly newspaper publishing seven times during the academic year.

Improvements

As in times past, with change in leadership and staffs, there is much new energy behind the paper. Much of the current vitality has come with Breja Fink, of the BMHS English Department, who took over as advisor two years ago. With Fink’s enthusiasm and direction, current outgoing editors and incoming say they are especially excited about many editorial goals that were accomplished this year and are on the table for next.

As has been the case over the years with new advisors, Fink says, she began her tenure by determining strengths and areas for possible improvements. Beyond making certain The Increscent is fully staffed with 12 editors and an advertising manager, Fink has added a social media manager and has been working toward the inauguration of a web page edition. It has become the job of the social media editor to put out tweets about stories each time the paper published.

Another important milestone for The Increscent involved working the paper out of the “red” through increased ad revenue. “It was a challenge last year to get solvent. But we are now,” she says, adding that she would like to use the revenue to send incoming editors to a summer 2017 conference aimed at high school journalists.

A Change in Quality

In the area of stories and overall journalistic excellence, Fink says, she has focused on what she describes as “more solid journalism and less fluff.” Her effort in this area, she says, was helped by the fact that she was supplied with a mentor from the national Journalism Education Association. She would send a copy of each edition to the mentor for critiquing and seek advice on stories and layout.

In order to improve quality, Fink determined that all copy should appear in Associated Press style, which is the style used by most newspapers around the country. Fink had a journalist introduce this style to students and then through the school installed a computer program to implement the style.

Graduating senior Roxanne Joos, who has served as Increscent managing editor for the past two years, says, “We have put a lot more emphasis on reporter and editor training. We’ve moved away from the idea of assigning a story and saying ‘We hope you can do it.’”

This echos what Fink told new editors at a recent training, “You want to get inside the story! You don’t just want to go to the person who is convenient.”

Seniors Hannah Gurholt and Julie Bosco, as outgoing co-sports editors, similarly say there has been an attention to journalistic excellence on their pages. “There’s been progress for team coverage and to bring an awareness of new sports such as bowling,” Gurholt says. Bosco adds, “We tried to have more of a focus on news – a new athletic director, boys and girls swim teams going to state; graduating senior athletes who will be participating at college.”

“We also tried to include some more controversial issues, such as inequalities in male and female sports,” Gurholt added.

Other new and continuing staff members on board for next year include Lindsey Peake, page two news editor; Caitlin Heerey, reporter; Dayton Fedlt, arts and entertainment editor; and Emily Meade, photo editor. All say they have individual goals that are in line with last year’s progress and seek to add more substance and excellence while increasing readership.

Next Year’s Goals

Looking ahead to next year, Fink says her vision includes doing a newspaper swap with other high schools in the area. Additionally on the horizon is the establishment of an online edition. “Once we have a web edition, this will open a lot of doors. In the beginning, we can have a photo of the week, for example, and then work toward stories. We want to begin with constantly updating but not have it be overwhelming,” she explains, noting that many schools with web editions have two separate staffs, one for the print edition and one for the web edition.”

For now, however, all is in place for The Increscent to thrive next academic year.

[See image gallery at beloitschools.org]

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Not About You, It’s About Us

“If you have a mutual love of singing then absolutely, choir is for you. This is a place that welcomes you as well,” explained Ben Westphal, the choir director in his first year at BMHS. “In terms of what brings students in, I think it’s the camaraderie and being together, and really choir is a team more than anything.”

Many students in choir find that it is that mutual love of singing that makes everyone feel welcome and keeps them from making poor choices in other areas of their lives.

“I just loved singing. My teacher told me that this is a varsity thing, and I used to be a bad kid,” said Abner Rivera, a member of concert choir. “I love singing and I don’t want to get kicked out. …Since then, I’ve been staying out of trouble.”

Mr. Westphal tries to make sure he creates an environment that is both welcoming and strict, in which students like Abner Rivera have thrived.

“I try to create a classroom that is welcoming of all people, said Mr. Westphal. “No matter who you are or where you came from, you are welcome in this place. Choir is not about you, it’s about us. It’s about being a part of something that is bigger than just you, it’s many voices.”

Knight’s Choir

The team-oriented environment in choir gives many students a break from their other classes that are focused on solely individual achievement. It also allows them to meet new people whom they otherwise might not get to know.

“Choir has allowed me to meet people within my high school years that I probably would not have otherwise met,” explained Chassidy Walworth, a 12th grade choir member. “Everyone takes part in numerous school activities and has many different hobbies and ethnicities. It’s a really neat way to learn new things and take a step outside your usual surroundings.”

Beloit Memorial also has Knight’s Choir, which gives students with disabilities the opportunity to sing with members of Women’s Varsity choir. It is a unique opportunity that the students love.

“My very first year I came in and I was super shy, and the music teacher just told me to be myself and make a whole bunch of friends and I did,” explained Felisha Weigel, a member of Knight’s Choir.

About Expressing Oneself

The feeling of unity is a central characteristic to the choir program, and to many students it is the ability to create something together that amplifies the environment of togetherness.

“I like the fact that choir brings me together with people of all different ethnicities,” continued Felisha.

Additionally, choir offers a social outlet for students’ love of music. Students are able to express that love through dancing as well as singing.
“I like singing a lot with my beautiful voice,” explained Hunter James Otto, who is also a member of Knight’s Choir. “I like dancing through some of the beats… I usually get excited to dance so hard.

Hunter’s enthusiasm captures the purpose of the program.

“It’s more than about just learning the right pitches and the right notes; it’s about making music, it’s about expressing oneself,” says Mr. Westphal.

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O Brasil possui um extenso território, suas dimensões são continentais. Ao todo o país possui 27 capitais distribuídas por suas cinco regiões: norte, sul, sudeste, nordeste e centro oeste.

Estas capitais se dividem em 26 estados e 1 distrito.

Veja abaixo uma lista com todos os estados/distrito do Brasil e suas capitais correspondentes:

O solo é a parte superficial da terra a camada que a reveste, é o componente natural que forma a paisagem terrena. O solo é um elemento essencial para a vida no planeta terra, visto que nele os seres vivos encontram organismos fundamentais para sua sobrevivência.  Além de ser utilizado pelo homem para o cultivo de plantas.

Formação do solo

O solo é formado por matérias orgânicas, restos de animais e plantas, e matérias minerais, argila e areia (resultado da ação da água, vento, clima e do sol nas rochas). Todos estes elementos se misturam e formam o solo.

Apesar de ser apenas um, existem diversos tipos de solo, que recebe uma classificação conforme suas características, como cor, formato, consistência, entre outros elementos. Desta forma, o solo pode ser classificado em: argiloso, arenoso, calcário e humoso.

Solo argiloso

Como sugerido pelo seu nome, o solo argiloso é composto por uma relevante quantidade de argila. Ele possui consistência fina e água em grande quantidade, por causa de sua impermeabilidade. É bastante utilizado para a prática da agricultura.

Solo arenoso

O solo arenoso é composto por uma grande quantidade de areia, maior do que a encontrando em qualquer outro solo. A sua consistência é porosa e  bastante permeável à água, o que torna difícil a permanência de plantas. Está presente em regiões como o nordeste brasileiro.

Solo calcário

O solo calcário é um solo seco, constituído por partículas de rochas. Não é um solo bom para a agricultura, pois esquenta bastante ao receber a luz do sol. O deserto é um local onde este tipo de solo é encontrando.

Solo humoso

O solo humoso é um solo bastante fértil, pois é formado por uma um grande volume de matéria orgânica em decomposição, sendo o mais indicado para a lavoura. Neste solo, a matéria orgânica em decomposição serve como adubo para as plantas.

A letra do Hino Nacional brasileiro foi escrita por Joaquim Osório Duque Estrada (1870 – 1927), enquanto a música é de autoria de Francisco Manuel da Silva (1795-1865).

Até chegar a sua letra e denominação atual o hino recebeu diversas modificações. Além de ter tidos outros nomes como, Hino 7 de abril e Marcha Triunfal. Apenas em 6 de setembro de 1922 a composição foi oficialmente adotada com o Hino Nacional do Brasil.

Em de 18 de dezembro de 1971 por meio da Lei nº 5.765, o Hino Nacional foi pela última vez atualizado, a fim de receber alterações ortográficas.

História do Hino Nacional

A música do hino criado por Francisco Manuel surgiu em 1822 e foi composta antes da letra. A melodia foi feita para celebrar a renúncia de D.Pedro I, que retornou para Portugal, e deixou o reinado para o seu filho.

Já a letra do hino foi composta pela primeira vez em 1831, e em 1841 ganhou uma nova versão. Entretanto em 1909, por meio de um concurso feito pelo governo do país, a obra de Joaquim Osório foi adotada de forma definitiva.

Atual versão oficial do Hino Nacional Brasileiro

Parte I

Ouviram do Ipiranga as margens plácidas
De um povo heróico o brado retumbante,
E o sol da liberdade, em raios fúlgidos,
Brilhou no céu da pátria nesse instante.

Se o penhor dessa igualdade
Conseguimos conquistar com braço forte,
Em teu seio, ó liberdade,
Desafia o nosso peito a própria morte!

Ó Pátria amada,
Idolatrada,
Salve! Salve!

Brasil, um sonho intenso, um raio vívido
De amor e de esperança à terra desce,
Se em teu formoso céu, risonho e límpido,
A imagem do Cruzeiro resplandece.

Gigante pela própria natureza,
És belo, és forte, impávido colosso,
E o teu futuro espelha essa grandeza.

Terra adorada,
Entre outras mil,
És tu, Brasil,
Ó Pátria amada!
Dos filhos deste solo és mãe gentil,
Pátria amada,
Brasil!

Parte II

Deitado eternamente em berço esplêndido,
Ao som do mar e à luz do céu profundo,
Fulguras, ó Brasil, florão da América,
Iluminado ao sol do Novo Mundo!

Do que a terra, mais garrida,
Teus risonhos, lindos campos têm mais flores;
“Nossos bosques têm mais vida”,
“Nossa vida” no teu seio “mais amores.”

Ó Pátria amada,
Idolatrada,
Salve! Salve!

Brasil, de amor eterno seja símbolo
O lábaro que ostentas estrelado,
E diga o verde-louro dessa flâmula
– “Paz no futuro e glória no passado.”

Mas, se ergues da justiça a clava forte,
Verás que um filho teu não foge à luta,
Nem teme, quem te adora, a própria morte.

Terra adorada,
Entre outras mil,
És tu, Brasil,
Ó Pátria amada!
Dos filhos deste solo és mãe gentil,
Pátria amada,
Brasil!

A independência dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) foi um processo de autonomia do país em relação aos seus colonizadores, neste caso a Inglaterra. A independência americana foi declarada em 4 de julho de 1776, quando se rompeu os laços coloniais com a coroa inglesa.

Para se entender melhor o processo que resultou na independência dos EUA é necessário conhecer o processo da colonização da América do Norte pelos ingleses, que teve início no século XVII. O resultado deste processo foi a formação de treze colônias, que mais tarde daria origem aos Estados Unidos da América.

A Revolução Americana

Antes de declarar sua independência aconteceu nos EUA a Guerra Revolucionária (1775-83), também conhecida como a Revolução Americana.

O motivo do conflito foi as crescentes tensões entre os residentes das 13 colônias norte-americanas da Grã-Bretanha e o governo colonial, que representava a coroa britânica. O combate armado teve início em 1775, e no verão seguinte, os rebeldes estavam travando uma guerra em grande escala por sua independência.

A França teve uma importante participação neste conflito, pois em 1778, o país entrou na guerra ao lado dos Estados Unidos, e transformou o que era uma guerra civil em um conflito de cunho internacional. E com a ajuda francesa o exército dos revolucionários forçou a rendição dos ingleses em Yorktown, Virgínia.

Entretanto, somente em 1781 a América do Norte conseguiu definidamente a sua independência da coroa britânica. Porém, os combates ainda aconteceram por um período, sendo encerrados formalmente apenas em 1783.

A Constituição dos Estados Unidos

Logo após a emancipação das treze colônias a constituição americana foi formulada. Na ocasião, houve divergências entre dois grupos políticos, os republicanos, que pregavam que a autonomia de cada estado não deveria ser subordinada ao governo central.

E havia também o grupo dos federalistas que pregavam a união dos estados com o objetivo de fortalezar a união politica dos mesmos.

Após estas discussões a Constituição dos Estados Unidos ficou pronta em 1787.

As orações Subordinadas Substantivas são aquelas que exercem o papel sintático próprio do substantivo (sujeito, objeto direto, objeto indireto, complemento nominal, aposto, predicativo).

As orações Subordinadas Substantivas são classificadas da seguinte forma:

Subjetiva

Atua como sujeito do verbo da oração principal.

Ex: É necessário que você colabore.

Objetiva direta

Atua como objeto direto do verbo da oração principal.

Ex: O mestre exigia que todos estivessem presentes.

Objetiva indireta

Atua como objeto indireto.

Ex: Não me oponho a que você viaje.

Predicativa

Atua exercendo a função de predicativo do sujeito.

Ex: Seu receio era que chovesse.

Completiva nominal

Atua exercendo a função de complemento nominal de um substantivo ou adjetivo da oração principal.

Ex: Sou favorável a que o prendam.

Apositiva

Atua como aposto.

Ex: Só desejo uma coisa: que vivam felizes.

Exercícios

Classifique as orações abaixo em Subjetivas (1) Objetiva direta (2) Objetiva indireta (3) Predicativa (4) Completivas nominal (5) Apositiva (6):

1. O santo exortava o povo a que se mantivesse fiel a Deus. ( )
2. Parece que a situação melhorou. ( )
3. O fiscal verificou se tudo estava em ordem. ( )
4. Aconteceu que não o encontrei em casa. ( )
5. Arnaldo foi quem trabalhou menos. ( )
6. Fabiano tinha a certeza de que não se acabaria tão cedo. ( )
7. Perguntei-lhe quando ia casar. ( )
8. Adriana me perguntou de quem era o retrato. ( )
9. E confesso uma verdade: eu era um homem puro. ( )
10. Lembre-se de que a vida é breve. ( )
11. O soldado insistia em que a prisão fosse feita. ( )
12. Para alguns a pátria é onde se está bem. ( )
13. O certo é que a pacata fisionomia da cidade ganhou animação. ( )
14. Sê grato a quem te ensina. ( )
15. Estava convencido de que um dia lhe dariam razão. ( )
16. Só lhe peço isto: honre o nosso nome. ( )
17. Para alguns a pátria é onde se está bem. ( )
18. Talvez o que houvesse sentido fosse o presságio disto: de que virias a morrer. ( )

Resposta: 1. (3), 2. (1), 3. (2),  4. (1), 5. (4), 6. (5), 7. (2),  8. (2),  9. (6), 10. (3), 11. (3), 12. (4), 13. (4), 14 (5), 15. (5), 16. (6), 17 (4), 18. (6)

Carnaval, é uma palavra que se originou do Latim (ccarnis lavale), que significa retirar a carne. Essas palavras foram dadas em seu significado devido a quaresma (período em que os fiéis reverenciam Jesus, que me seu tempo, ficou 40 dias de jejum em mio ao deserto e foi tentado pelo próprio diabo).

A quaresma ocorre na mesma época em paralelo com a simbologia dos prazeres carnais, ou seja, humanos. A igreja católica teve o intuito de enquadrar a festa relativamente pagã, aos ritos da época.

Carnaval na Babilônia

Por outro lado, há estudiosos que dizem que o carnaval é uma comemoração de origem babilônica. Na chamada festa Saceias, era concedido um prisioneiro que se vestia como rei na comemoração. Após seu fim, com todos os prazeres concedidos ao mesmo, ele era morto, como uma continuação do rito pagão.

Há ainda outra versão, também condizendo ser originário da babilônia, onde o carnaval era um rito prestado no templo de Marduk. Lá, o rei teria sido humilhado e agredido pelos seus súditos, para provar que, mesmo sendo rei, ainda era inferior a divindade representada no templo.

Carnaval na Grécia e Roma

Há outros historiadores que creem que o Carnaval se iniciou na Grécia antiga, onde as pessoas comemoravam como um rito de princípio de primavera. Sendo isso, por volta de 600 a.C.

Há ainda outros, que acreditam que o Carnaval se iniciou na Roma antiga, em Saturnária. Neste ritual, as pessoas costumavam se caracterizar, brincar, beber, comer e se divertir durantes os dias de celebração.

O Carnaval, a Festa da carne

Independentemente de sua origem, podemos encontrar inúmeros relatos de que essa comemoração dá uma liberdade as pessoas. Com essas festividades, as pessoas se fantasiam, escondem seus rotos e vivem, mesmo que por um momento, eles podem ser eles mesmos. Um paradoxo, porém, com máscaras, o Carnaval trás o natural humano, que pode ser demonstrado através das danças e ritos festivos.

No Brasil, o Carnaval veio direto dos Portugueses. Nessa brincadeira carnavalesca, as pessoas poderiam retirar, umas das outras, suas coisas. Isso incluía comidas, vestes e outros pertences. Com o tempo, isso acabou sendo proibido. Passando, assim, a usar serpentinas e confetes na festa.

Apesar de ser comum encontrarmos a tabuada de multiplicação, saiba que é possível elaborar a tabuadas de qualquer operação matemática, ou seja, é possível fazer tabuada de soma, subtração, multiplicação e divisão.

Como fazer? Quais as regras?

A tabuada de divisão uma relação de inversão em relação à tabuada da multiplicação. Então para fazer essa tabuada é necessário utilizar o número a respeito do qual trata a tabuada cruzado com seus múltiplos, em geral até dez.

Nas intersecções que cruzam o número base e o múltiplo, deve ser feita uma divisão, que leva ao resultado.

Dicas para fazer conta divisão

Separamos para você 4 dicas que irão te ajudar a fazer contas de divisão.

Dica número 1: Conheça bem a tabuada

A primeira dica para fazer conta de divisão é conhecer bem a tabuada dos quatros operações básicas da matemática, pois isso irá facilitar e acelerar o processo de resolução de problemas matemáticos.

Dica número 2: Estime o resultado da divisão

Fazendo um rápido cálculo mental é possível estimar o resultado de uma divisão. Para fazer isso basta apenas tentar arredondar ao máximo as porções de cada divisão. Fazer essa estimativa te ajudará a não cometer um grande erro na resposta da conta.

Dica número 3: Números terminados em zero

Se dividendo e divisor da operação terminam em zero você pode eliminar esses zeros para facilitar o calculo. Ressaltando que nunca se deve cortar os zeros do meio dos números, mas apenas os zeros do final. E o número de cada zero eliminado deve ser igual no dividendo e no divisor.

Exemplo: 45. 000 / 850. 300

Cortando os zeros do final temos 8503 / 450

Dica número 4 : Números terminados em 5

Toda as vezes que dividendo e divisor são múltiplos de 5, podemos multiplicar ambos por 2 e usar a dica 3 (eliminar os últimos zeros) para facilitar a divisão.

Adjetivo é a palavra que caracteriza e/ou qualifica uma pessoa ou objeto. Um adjetivo pode ser utilizado de forma positiva ou negativa.

Exemplos

Maria é uma menina muito bonita. (positivo)

A resposta que ele me deu foi horrível.  (negativo)

O adjetivo pode ser simples, formado por apenas uma palavra e composto, formado por duas palavras ou mais.

Exemplos

O carro vermelho (simples)

O carro vermelho-claro (composto)

Além disso, o adjetivo sofre flexão de gênero (masculino e feminino), número (singular ou plural) e grau (para comparar, igualar, inferiorizar ou ressaltar algo).

Exemplos

Ele é um lindo menino (masculino)

Ela é uma linda uma menina (feminino)

Aquele carro é feio. (singular)

Aqueles carros são feios. (plural)

Graus do adjetivo

Grau Nominal

Refere-se às adjetivações que qualificam uma pessoa ou objeto. Veja os exemplos:

João é inteligente.

O texto lido por ela é esclarecedor.

Grau comparativo de superioridade

Usado para relacionar dois objetos e estabelecer em um grau de superioridade em relação ao outro.  As palavras auxiliares “mais” e “maior” são usadas para indicar essa comparação de grandeza.

Ex: Pedro é mais inteligente que Alex.

Grau comparativo de inferioridade

Usado para relacionar dois objetos e estabelecer em um grau de inferioridade em relação ao outro.  As palavras auxiliares “menos” e “menor” são usadas para indicar essa comparação de grandeza.

Ex: Roberta é menos inteligente que Mariana.

Adjetivo comparativo de igualdade

Usado para igualar as características de dois objetos.

Ex: Eu gosto de bolo tanto quanto de chocolate pizza.

Grau superlativo de superioridade

Usado para situar a característica de um elemento em relação a um grupo de outros objetos.

Ex: Pedro é o mais inteligente da turma;

Grau superlativo relativo de inferioridade

É usado para relacionar um elemento e colocá-lo em posição de inferioridade em relação ao grupo.

Ex: O Ivan é o aluno menos inteligente da turma.

Grau superlativo absoluto analítico                     

É usada uma palavra extra para ressaltar o adjetivo.

Ex: Ana Clara é muito inteligente.

Grau superlativo absoluto sintético

A adjetivação é colocada no aumentativo ou diminutivo para ganhar ênfase.

Ex: Gabriel é inteligentíssimo.

Os filhotes da minha são tão fofos e pequeninhos.

Adjetivos adverbializados

Quando o adjetivo passa a exercer a função do adverbio.

Ex: Foi fácil aprender português. (substituição pela palavra facilmente)

Orações subordinadas adjetivas

É oração na qual o adjetivo exerce a função de adjunto adnominal.

Ex: Esse ator é bem sucedido (oração que faz uso do adjunto adnominal)

Esse ator fez sucesso (oração subordinada adjetiva)

O uso da locução adjetiva

Quando existe um conjunto de duas palavras que tenham um valor de um adjetivo.

Ex: O medicamento serve para prevenir doenças bucais.

Você já ouviu falar de parônimas? Parônimas é um termo usado para referenciar duas palavras que se pronunciam de formas iguais, por suas grafias serem quase que idênticas.

As parônimas que abordaremos a seguir serão as palavras Perda e Perca, qual o uso correto?

É extremamente comum as pessoas duvidarem de qual dos termos é o correto, quando deferia-se usá-los e quando usá-los. Quem nunca se deparou com a situação de: Bati minha moto. Ela deu perda total ou perca total?

Conceitos

Antes de você concluir estar ou não errado em pronunciar alguma dessas palavras, vamos entender cada um de seus conceitos.

Perca:

A palavra “Perca” nada mais é que o modo verbal da palavra (no caso, outro verbo) perder. Quando conjugamos tal verbo, podemos encontrar “Perda” tanto na primeira como na terceira pessoa do singular, quando em presente subjuntivo. Ou até mesmo na Terceira Pessoa do singular caso seja pronunciado no imperativo.

• Primeira pessoa do singular: Quando no presente do subjuntivo: Perca.
• Primeira pessoa do singular: Quando no presente do subjuntivo: Perca.
• Terceira pessoa do singular: Apenas quando no imperativo: Perca.

 Exemplos:

• Tomara que ele não perca a hora da prova!;
• Meu pai não quer que eu perca meu dinheiro;
• Nunca perca a esperança em suas convicções!;
• Espero que meu pai não perca o jogo de futebol deste domingo. Seu time estará na final.

Perda:

Por outro lado, temos a Perda, que corresponde a um substantivo feminino, que possui também o mesmo significado que perca. Porém, no sentido de perda privada, perda sofrida, perda de alguém ou algo próximo. Quando, por exemplo, você se priva de algo de sua vida, seja lá um pessoal ou objeto, o sentido de Perda é pertinente ao caso. Isso, pois, o dano foi sofrido por você, ou seja, você tinha algo e, por prejuízo, a perdeu.

Exemplos:

• Todos nós estamos muito abalados, por causa da perda do Mundial.
• Em virtude da perda de minha cunhada, eu me encontrava muito triste neste sábado, à noite.
• A perda dos valores morais e cívicos, faz-nos declarar guerra contra a ordem.

Em tempos de uma política tão polarizada como a que estamos vivendo é comum surgirem alguns adjetivos para descrever ambos os lados e um dos termos mais ouvidos foi, sem dúvidas, o termo fascista.

Mas será que todo mundo sabe o que significa de verdade fascismo? Nós aqui descrevemos um pouco mais sobre o tema para que você possa conhecer mais sobre o assunto.

O que é fascismo?

O fascismo foi um sistema político iniciado na Itália no século XX, logo após o fim da Primeira Guerra Mundial, em um momento onde a Itália sofria com uma forte crise econômica.

Basicamente, o fascismo é conhecido como um regime autoritário, com concentração de poder à um único líder e repressão à qualquer opinião contrária.

No fascismo os meios de comunicação em massa eram controlados pelo governo, assim como toda a população.

Essa era a maneira de evitar uma rebelião ou a criação de grupos que pudessem tentar derrubar o regime.

Depois de dominar a Itália, o fascismo também conquistou países como a Espanha e a Alemanha, apesar das características comuns ao regime cada país teve suas peculiaridades durante esse período.

Características do fascismo:

• Totalitarismo: Todo o controle do país estava nas mãos dos seus líderes, inclusive a vida de cada cidadão era controlada de perto  pelo governo.
• Anti Comunismo: O fascismo era terminantemente contra os conceitos do comunismo, como por exemplo, a divisão igualitária dos bens, o fim das propriedades privadas e o controle de tudo por um único líder.
• Militarismo: No fascismo era pregado que a melhor maneira de resolver os problemas de uma nação é através da organização militar, o controle por parte das forças armadas ajuda na preservação da nação e na conquista de novos territórios.
• Autoritarismo: O governo fascista era um governo sem oposições, sua autoridade não deveria ser questionada, já que eles eram os mais preparados para decidir o que era melhor para a população.
• Nacionalismo: NO regime fascista pregava-se que a nação era a coisa mais importante e deveria ser defendida independente dos esforços que fossem exigidos do seu povo.

Todas essas características afirmam o extremismo cultuado pelo fascismo, a perda da liberdade de expressão e o autoritarismo de um governo absoluto, nos mostram o quão prejudicial foi esse sistema.

Assim também, podemos ver casos onde o outro extremo, o comunismo, também não se mostra eficiente.

Na teoria o comunismo é a solução ideal para todas as questões mas, na realidade vemos um sistema falho onde os governantes enriquecem às custas de uma população onde todos sofrem, independente do quanto se esforçam, todos recebem a mesma miséria como recompensa.